Acute pain - For the most part, results from disease, inflammation, or injury to tissues. This type of pain generally comes on suddenly such as after trauma or surgery, and may be accompanied by anxiety or emotional distress. The cause of acute pain can usually be diagnosed and treated but in some rare instances, it can become chronic.

Ankle pain - Ankle pain is commonly due to a sprain or tendinitis. The severity of ankle sprains ranges from mild (which can resolve within 24 hours) to severe (which can require surgical repair). Tendinitis of the ankle can be caused by trauma or inflammatory forms of arthritis.

Anxiety - A feeling of apprehension and fear characterized by physical symptoms such as palpitations, sweating, and feelings of stress. Anxiety disorders are serious medical illnesses that affect approximately 19 million American adults.

Arthritis - Arthritis is an inflamed joint disorder. A joint is an area of the body where two different bones meet. A joint functions to move the body parts connected by its bones. Arthritis literally means inflammation of one or more joints.  There are many forms of arthritis. The forms range from those related to wear and tear of cartilage (such as osteoarthritis) to those associated with inflammation resulting from an over-active immune system (such as rheumatoid arthritis).

Asthma - A common disorder in which chronic inflammation of the bronchial tubes (bronchi) makes them swell, narrowing the airways.

Back pain - Pain in the low back can relate to the bony lumbar spine, discs between the vertebrae, ligaments around the spine and discs, spinal cord and nerves, muscles of the low back, internal organs of the pelvis and abdomen, and the skin covering the lumbar area. Pain in the upper back can also be a result of disorders of the aorta, chest tumors, and inflammation of the spine.

Bladder dysfunction - Bladder incontinence or urinary incontinence (UI) is the unintentional loss of urine. Although about half of the elderly have episodes of incontinence, bladder problems are not a natural consequence of aging, and they are not exclusively a problem of the elderly.

Bronchitis - Inflammation and swelling of the bronchi. Bronchitis can be acute or chronic.

Bursitis  - A bursa is a fluid-filled sac that functions as a gliding surface to reduce friction between moving tissues of the body. Bursitis is usually not infectious, but the bursa can become infected. Treatment of non- infectious bursitis includes rest, ice, and medications for inflammation and pain.

Elbow: Inflammation of the olecranon bursa, the bursa at the tip of the elbow is called the olecranon bursitis.

Hip: Inflammation of a bursa of the hip joint. There are two major bursae of the hip.

Knee: Inflammation of a bursa of the knee joint. There are three major bursae of the knee.

Shoulder: Inflammation of a bursa of a shoulder joint.

Carpal tunnel syndrome - A type of compression neuropathy (nerve damage) caused by compression and irritation of the median nerve in the wrist. The nerve is compressed within the carpal tunnel, a bony canal in the palm side of the wrist that provides passage for the median nerve to the hand. Carpal tunnel syndrome can be due to trauma from repetitive work such as that of supermarket checkers, checkers in other types of stores, assembly line workers, meat packers, typists, word processors, accountants, writers, etc.

Cataract - A cataract that develops independently of other diseases. A primary cataract is in contrast to a secondary cataract, one that is secondary to another disease.

Cerebral Palsy - An abnormality of motor function (the ability to move and control movements) that is acquired at an early age, usually less than a year of age, and is due to a brain lesion that is non-progressive. Cerebral palsy (CP) is frequently the result of abnormalities that occur in utero, while the fetus is developing inside the mother's womb. Such abnormalities may include accidents of brain development, genetic disorders, stroke due to abnormal blood vessels or blood clots, or infection of the brain.

Chronic diarrhea - A group of chronic intestinal diseases characterized by inflammation of the bowel -- the large or small intestine. The most common types are colitis and Crohn disease.

Chronic Fatigue Syndrome - A debilitating and complex disorder characterized by profound fatigue of six months or longer duration that is not improved by bed rest and that may be worsened by physical or mental activity. Persons with chronic fatigue syndrome (CFS) most often function at a substantially lower level of activity than they were capable of before the onset of illness.

Chronic pain - Chronic pain is widely believed to represent disease itself. It can be made much worse by environmental and psychological factors. Chronic pain persists over a longer period of time than acute pain and is resistant to most medical treatments. It can-and often does-cause severe problems for patients.

Common cold - A viral upper respiratory tract infection. This contagious illness can be caused by many different types of viruses, and the body can never build up resistance to all of them.

Constipation - Infrequent (and frequently incomplete) bowel movements. The opposite of diarrhea, constipation is commonly caused by irritable bowel syndrome, diverticulosis, and medications (constipation can paradoxically be caused by overuse of laxatives).

Cramps - Painful muscle spasms in the abdomen, arms, or legs following strenuous activity. The skin is usually moist and cool and the pulse is normal or slightly raised. Body temperature is mostly normal. Heat cramps often are caused by a lack of salt in the body, but salt replacement should not be considered without advice from a physician.

Crohn disease - Typically, Crohn disease affects the ileum (the lower part of the small intestine) but can occur anywhere along the intestinal tract. Ulcerative colitis affects the colon (the large intestine). The inflammation in Crohn disease involves the entire thickness of the bowel wall, whereas in ulcerative colitis the inflammation is confined to the mucosa (the inner lining) of the intestine.

Degenerative Disc Disease - Degeneration of the disc is medically referred to as spondylosis. Spondylosis can be noted on x-ray tests or MRI scanning of the spine as a narrowing of the normal "disc space" between the adjacent vertebrae.

Depression - An illness that involves the body, mood, and thoughts, that affects the way a person eats and sleeps, the way one feels about oneself, and the way one thinks about things. Without treatment, symptoms can last for weeks, months, or years. Appropriate treatment, however, can help most people with depression.

Dislocations
Ehlers-Danlos syndrome: A heritable disorder of connective tissue with easy bruising, joint hypermobility (loose joints), skin laxity, and weakness of tissues. There are a number of different types of Ehlers-Danlos syndrome (EDS) which share the foregoing features but can be categorized into at least nine different types.

Shoulder dislocation: Displacement of the ball of the shoulder joint (the top rounded portion of the upper arm bone, or humerus) from the socket of the joint (the glenoid fossa of the wingbone, or scapula). There is complete separation of the humerus from the scapular glenoid. The shoulder joint is the most frequently dislocated major joint of the body, reflecting the fact that it sacrifices stability for mobility. Most of these dislocations are due to trauma.

Dupuytrens' Contracture - A localized formation of scar tissue in the palm of the hand. The scarring accumulates in a tissue called the fascia.

Emphysema - A lung condition featuring an abnormal accumulation of air in the lung's many tiny air sacs, a tissue called alveoli. As air continues to collect in these sacs, they become enlarged, and may break, or be damaged and form scar tissue. Emphysema is strongly associated with smoking cigarettes, a practice that causes lung irritation. It can also be associated with or worsened by repeated infection of the lungs, such as is seen in chronic bronchitis.

Entrapments & Compression Syndromes - The collective signs and symptoms caused by a substance emanating from a tumor or in reaction to a tumor. Paraneoplastic syndromes can be due to a number of causes including hormones or other biologically active products made by the tumor, blockade of the effect of a hormone or immune suppression.

Fibromyalgia - A syndrome characterized by chronic pain, stiffness, and tenderness of muscles, tendons, and joints without detectable inflammation. Fibromyalgia does not cause body damage or deformity.

Fibrositis and Fibrosis - One of the most common grave genetic (inherited) diseases, CF affects the exocrine glands and is characterized by the production of abnormal secretions, leading to mucous build-up.

Foot pain
Morton neuroma: A swollen inflamed nerve in the ball of the foot, usually between the base of the second and third toes, caused by chronic compression of a branch of the plantar nerve between the ends of the metatarsal bones.

Plantar fasciitis: Inflammation of the plantar fascia (fasciitis), the "bowstring-like" tissue in the sole of the foot stretching from the heel to the front of the foot.

Calcaneal spur: A bony spur projecting from the back or underside of the heel bone (the calcaneus) that often makes walking painful. A calcaneal spur is also called a heel spur.

Forearm pain - Elbow pain is most often the result of tendinitis, which can affect the inner or outer elbow. Treatment includes ice, rest, and medication for inflammation. Elbow pain has many other causes including arthritis and bursitis. Funny bone sensation is irritation of a nerve at the elbow that causes numbness and tingling of the inner elbow, forearm as well as little and ring fingers.

Fractures - A fracture is a break in the bone or cartilage. It usually is a result of trauma but can be due to an acquired disease of bone such as osteoporosis or abnormal formation of bone in a congenital disease of bone such as ("brittle bone disease").

Frozen Shoulder - Constant severe limitation of the range of motion of the shoulder due to scarring around the shoulder joint (adhesive capsulitis). Frozen shoulder is an unwanted consequence of rotator cuff disease: damage to the rotator cuff, the set of four tendons that stabilize the shoulder joint and help move the shoulder in diverse directions. Rotator cuff disease can be due to trauma, inflammation or degeneration.

Headache - Headache is defined as pain in the head that is located above the eyes or the ears, behind the head (occipital), or in the back of the upper neck. Headache, like chest pain or dizziness, has many causes.  There are two types of headaches: primary headaches and secondary headaches. Primary headaches are not associated with (caused by) other diseases. Examples of primary headaches are migraine headaches, tension headaches, and cluster headaches. Secondary headaches are caused by associated disease.

High altitude pulmonary edema - Known for short as HAPE, the accumulation in the lungs of extravascular fluid (fluid outside of blood vessels) at high altitude, a consequence of rapid altitude ascent, especially when that ascent is accompanied by significant exercise.